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（1）堆焊前需先將軋輥輥身表面的疲勞層或缺陷，尤其是裂紋必須徹底清除；  

（2）在堆焊時，為了防止裂紋的產生，必須先加工軋輥輥身預熱，預熱溫度根據軋輥輥及堆焊材料而定。

(1) before welding, the fatigue layer or defect of the roller body surface must be first removed, especially the crack must be thoroughly removed.

(2) in the process of surfacing, in order to prevent cracks, the roller body must be pre heated, and the preheating temperature should be determined according to roll rolls and surfacing materials.

焊接時堆焊成敗的關鍵環節，要獲得理想的堆焊層必須綜合考慮某些可變因素，如：焊接電壓、焊接速度、軋輥轉速、軋輥的保溫、焊接電流、焊接材料等，對一些含碳及合金元素高的輥芯，為防止脆性區的裂紋，除一定的預熱措施外，多采用低碳低合金過渡層進行預先堆焊過渡層。軋輥在軋機中的使用效果不但取決于軋輥材質及其冶金質量，還和使用條件、軋輥設計、操作維護有關。  

In order to obtain an ideal surfacing layer, some variable factors must be cidered, such as welding voltage, welding speed, roll speed, roll insulation, welding current, welding material and so on. Some roll cores with high carbon and alloy elements, in order to prevent cracks in brittle zone, have to be cidered in order to obtain ideal surfacing layer. In addition, the low carbon low alloy transition layer is used to pre weld the transition layer.

什么是鑄造軋輥，鑄造軋輥主要有哪些種類？

鑄造軋輥是指將冶煉鋼水或熔煉鐵水直接澆注成型這一生產方式制造的軋輥種類。

鑄造軋輥按材質又可分為鑄鋼軋輥和鑄鐵軋輥兩類；按制造方法又可分為整體鑄造軋輥和復合鑄造軋輥兩類。

What are the casting rolls and what are the main types of casting rolls?

The casting roller refers to the type of rolls produced by direct casting of molten steel or molten iron.

The casting roll can be divided into two types: cast steel roll and cast iron roll according to material quality. According to the manufacturing method, it can also be divided into two types: integral casting roll and compound casting roll.

初軋機、鋼坯連軋機、大型型鋼和軌梁軋機、熱軋板帶鋼軋機破鱗和軋邊機、型鋼軋機的軋邊機，還有小型型鋼、線棒材軋機的粗軋機架等軋機使用的軋輥，大多采用整體鑄造方法生產，這類軋輥使用層較厚，孔型較深。

The rolling mill of rolling mill, billet rolling mill, large type steel and rail beam mill, hot rolled strip mill break scale, rolling edge mill, type steel universal mill, and rolling mill used in small steel and wire rod mill are mostly produced by the whole casting method, which is thicker and deeper.